![]() Those with risk factors, such as more severe symptoms immediately after injury, may require longer recovery periods. As symptoms resolve, patients may gradually return to activity as tolerated. Individuals recover from concussion differently therefore, rigid guidelines have been abandoned in favor of an individualized approach. ![]() Initial management also involves patient education and reassurance and symptom management. Brief cognitive and physical rest are key components of initial management. If concussion is suspected in an athlete, the athlete should not return to play until medically cleared. Tools to aid diagnosis and monitor recovery include symptom checklists, neuropsychological tests, postural stability tests, and sideline assessment tools. Initial evaluation involves eliminating concern for cervical spine injury and more serious traumatic brain injury before diagnosis is established. Signs and symptoms are nonspecific therefore, a temporal relationship between an appropriate mechanism of injury and symptom onset must be determined. ![]() Concussion can affect a variety of clinical domains: physical, cognitive, and emotional or behavioral. Concussion is caused by direct or indirect external trauma to the head resulting in shear stress to brain tissue from rotational or angular forces. Mild traumatic brain injury, also known as concussion, is common in adults and youth and is a major health concern.
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